Understanding The Biblical Law And Narrative Genres

Understanding the Biblical Law and Narrative Genres Prophecy, poetry, songs, and genealogy lists are just a few of the many genres found in the Pentateuch. However, the two dominant genres include biblical law and biblical narrative. In fact, 40 percent of the Old Testament is narrative (â€Å"Lecture 1,† 2015). Key to interpreting different texts within the Bible, it is critical to understand the genres themselves. Each genre possesses unique features that, when understood, assist in the interpretation of the text. Understanding the key features of biblical law and biblical narrative genres will affect how an individual interprets Scripture in the Old Testament. Biblical Law When reading and interpreting biblical law, there are several important features to consider. First, there should be an understanding of the nature of law (â€Å"Lecture 1,† 2015). Torah, or × ªÃ– ¼Ã—•Ö ¹Ã— ¨Ã– ¸Ã—”, is the Hebrew word translated for â€Å"law† (Vogt, 2009). Its meaning refers to ‘instruction† or â€Å"teaching,† much different than the contemporary world defines the law. Moreover, it carries a â€Å"theologically centered† (Vogt, 2009, p. 26) teaching, providing for the ancient Israelites guidance in how to live in such a way that is pleasing to God (Vogt, 2009). Rather than looking at the law from a legalistic approach as is common today, it is important to understand that the Israelites received the law as a gift from God (Psalm 119:111, NIV) upon their deliverance from Egypt. Second, it is important to understand theShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Bible Story: The Old Testament2039 Words   |  9 Pagesengross oneself in an overarching narrative that, depending on your personal convictions, continues to the present day. Within this richness is found a wide variety of different events and experience, told through a series of genre ranging from foundational myth to apocalypse, law giving to poetry, genealogy to wisdom and many more. Within this diversity however, three broad sections can be discerned that speak to a shared purpose and content, these are the sections of Law, Prophecy and Writings. It isRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Old Testament Survey II By Robert H. Stein1436 Words   |  6 PagesPreface, â€Å"The basic goal of interpreting the Bible and other written texts should be to understand what their authors consciously sought to convey by what they wrote. It is the understanding of the authors’ willed meaning, their communicative inten t, that continues to be emphasized in this revision as the primary goal of biblical interpretation.†1 This review is on his first work which he produced in 1994 and not his more current work which was published in 2011. I believe the work he has done in theRead MoreEssay about How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth2583 Words   |  11 Pagesfor All Its Worth, have written an easy to read book for those who want to learn more about what the Bible has to offer. The authors present distinct principles for interpreting different genres found in the Bible. The book has sold over a half a million copies and is one of the most popular books regarding biblical interpretation. Fee is a seminary professor of New Testament studies at Regent College. He has authored several New Testament commentaries and is the general editor of the New InternationalRead Morebible 104 Quiz 12264 Words   |  10 Pagesmentioned that God uses to convey his Word. God uses narrative history, genealogies, chronicles, laws of all kinds, poetry of all kinds, sermons and apocalypses to convey his Word. 6. â€Å"To interpret properly the â€Å"then and there† of the biblical texts, you must†¦Ã¢â‚¬  You must not only know some general rules that apply to all the words of the Bible, but you also need to learn the special rules that apply to each of these literary forms (genres). 7. Know and be able to discuss the two types of ‘context’Read MoreSlavery : The Old Testament4666 Words   |  19 PagesSlavery in Exodus 21-The Old Testament deemed to be a common practice. Modern readers should gain understanding like other nation, slavery was rampant and flourished in the Israelites, but the biblical slavery is very different from the modern slavery. The old testament lacks slavery condemnation but it has a clear teaching on ethical treatment of slaves, which was part of the culture of the surrounding nations. Slavery in the bible in the time of the Jews was not an exploitation act but rather anRead Morecompare and contrast aphra Bhens Oroonoko the royal slave and candide, or optimism1618 Words   |  7 Pagesblushing modesty.. This is also a clever use of the narrative structure known as vocalisation, and gives a powerful impression of how the natives feel for each other. However the tone she uses in the text is also hyperbolic, in as much as she r omanticises the natives she describes. Also by doing this the natives are shown as passive. The text also contains Biblical perspective and religious connotations. In the first quarter of the narrative she states †¦so like our parents before the fall†¦ whichRead MoreThe Purpose of the Biblical Flood narrative1977 Words   |  8 Pages(Coogen 2008) that contains many forms of writings and stories which address not only myth, main historical events and laws, but also those that follow the Israelites unique relationship with God. The first book of the Old Testament is known as Genesis, which is highly concerned with the world’s creation and its initial stages. It is also the origin of the biblical Flood Narrative concerning Noah and the Ark. The story is characterised by a man that is instructed to build an ark under the guidanceRead MoreAncient Near Eastern Thought Essay3623 Words   |  15 Pagesthe ancient and Near Eastern and Israelite cognitive context. He provides guidance for students and general public to have a wider understanding and expand the ir knowledge of today’s culture, and historical culture interacts with the ancient world culture. In doing so, he tries to balance all audiences though examining artifacts to assist the individual’s understanding through these artifacts about both the historical prospective and culture and the parallel with the Bible. Summary of Book TheRead MoreBiblical Genealogy Is Important For Establishing Identity1360 Words   |  6 Pagesfalse gods, Jacob and his family are vulnerable and separated from a community of likeminded practitioners. When Genesis 34 begins, we learn the lineage of Dinah as Leah’s daughter with Jacob (Gen 34:1). Biblical genealogy is important to establishing identity as it â€Å"expresses idealized understandings of families.† Leah is the daughter of Laban to which Jacob was tricked into marriage (Gen 29:21-25). Leah, after birthing several sons, delivered a daughter for which she named Dinah (Gen 30:21). AsRead MoreAncient Eastern Thought and the Old Testament Essay10692 Words   |  43 PagesTHE ANCIENT NEAR EAST 10 CHAPTER 4: THE GODS 14 CHAPTER 5: TEMPLES AND RITUALS 19 CHAPTER 6: STATE AND FAMILY RELIGION 22 CHAPTER 7: COSMIC GEOGRAPHY 25 CHAPTER 8: COSMOLOGY AND COSMOGONY 28 CHAPTER 9: UNDERSTANDING THE PAST HUMAN ORIGINS AND ROLE 31 CHAPTER 10: UNDERSTANDING THE PAST 34 CHAPTER 11: ENCOUNTERING THE PRESENT 38 CHAPTER 12: ENCOUNTERING THE PRESENT 43 CHAPTER 13: ENCOUNTERING THE PRESENT 46 CHAPTER 14: PONDERING THE FUTURE ON EARTH AND AFTER DEATH 49 POSTSCRIPT

Events Influencing The Cold War Essay - 1075 Words

During World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union were allies. After the war the two countries emerged as the two most powerful countries in the world. Although the world war ended, it was not a clean ending. Iron-willed Stalin wanted a postwar settlement that would guarantee the Soviet Unions security and future. He wanted parts of Poland and Finland and the Baltic states. With Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union would have a buffer against future aggression from the West, colonies for rebuilding the economy, and new territory to the Communist world map. Roosevelt, on the other hand, opposed colonialism and the spread of Communism. For the next couple decades until 1991, the US and USSR would be locked in an arms race known as the†¦show more content†¦Although we only had two bombs left after bombing Nagasaki and Hiroshima, we still developed elaborate plans in case of war with Russia. In 1946 Pincher had a design that will enable us to obliterate 20 Russian cities w ith nuclear bombs. In 1948 a more detailed plan was designed that consisted of dropping 34 nuclear aerial bombs against 24 Russian cities. New nuclear plans were continually introduced all the way up to 1982. Truman declared his stance against the Soviet Union in 1947 with his major foreign policy address and the Truman Doctrine. Applying that all rebel movements around the world are inevitably linked to the Soviet Union, Truman offered people everywhere in the world who resisted Totalitarianism to receive aid from the United States. After the destruction of Germany after the world war, other major countries of Europe, France and Italy, also faced take over by Russia. In June 1947 US Secretary of State delivered the Commencement Address that reached out to these countries to appeal to the US. With the implementation of the Marshall Plan, billions of dollars was pumped into Europe every year to aid these countries. In the next couple of years, Russia began imposing itself upon other nations. Communism was imposed over Hungary in 1947, and in 1948, the Czechoslovakia government was also taken down. In resistance to the Russian force, the United States, Canada, and some European nations created a new defense organizationShow MoreRelatedSoviet Expansion Into Eastern Europe1280 Words   |  6 Pages Security has been disputed to be another driving factor, and possibly the main factor to the cause of the cold war as it is interlinked both with ideology and the nuclear race. For instance, ideology and security both influenced the same event, which in this case was the creation of the Eastern bloc. (Heywood, 2014) stated that Soviet expansion into Eastern Europe was seen as â€Å"defensive rather than aggressive†, motivated essentially by a buffer zone desire. Security was an important factor becauseRead MoreA Look at the Final Chapter of Timothy Glander’s Book, Origins of Mass Communications Research During the American Cold War: Educational Effects and C1149 Words   |  5 PagesThe final chapter of Timothy Glander’s book, Origins of Mass Communications Research During the American Cold War: Educational Effects and Contemporary Implications (2000) stands as a disappointing example of academic research becoming hijacked by the author’s personal opinion . Focusing on the hidden nature of propaganda in American life, his concluding chapter presents a very drastic view of the individuals who crafted the academic subject now known as mass communications. I see the need for investigatingRead MoreThe Cold War And The Soviet Union980 Words   |  4 PagesHarbor, Hawaii, combined with Adolf Hitler’s declaring war on the United States, propelled America into World War II from 1939-1945. After War World II, the United States and the Soviet Union emerged as world powers, and the competition for the restructuring of Europe and the world was on. In the race for economic expansion, Americans loyalty and patriotism was tested influencing an urge to conform. However, the following events such as The Cold War, Containment, Domino Theory, Containments failure,Read MoreThe Cold War During World War II1397 Words   |  6 PagesWar is the result of hate and brutality that can affect people in a negative way. The Cold War relates to the war in the Butter Battle book as it demonstrates hate, which should not be taught to kids in children s books. Conflict and competition can lead to war. The Cold War was a 45 year long rivalry between the Western powers, led by the United States and the Soviet Union. The United States formed a military base to protect them from other threats such as the Soviets. The expansion of the SovietRead MoreThe 1940’s as The Most Influencing Decade in the United States1237 Words   |  5 PagesFor many years there has been a discussion about the best decade and the best era in the United States of America. People are convincing each other that twenties were the Golden Age or 1990’s were the most influencing but there is no clear and nationwide agreement in that case. In fact, according to different authors and publishers there was no year that actually resolved all problems in the United States. From some people’s point of view, however, it is not a matter of which decade end all problemsRead MoreThe Strategic Defence Initiative Within The Cold War Essay1147 Words   |  5 Pages The Cold War was an ideological war primarily between the United States and the Soviet Union (1945-1991). There were several major flashpoints within the war, such as the concept of Mutually Assured Destruction (M.A.D), the Strategic Defence Initiative (S.D.I), the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Vietnam War, the Korean War, the Berlin Blockade and the defiance of the USSR. This essay will discuss the significance the Strategic Defence Initiative within the Cold War. Contrary to the mainstream idea thatRead MoreAmerican History: a Brief Summary1518 Words   |  7 Pagesmany people with a common goal. Wars were fought with one thought in mind—the preservation of America. A huge Navy was established and became victors of the sea. On land the United States Army was definitely a force to be reckoned with. Together Americans supported the expansion of American culture and the American reputation. Americans began traveling around the world spreading knowledge of America and the world noticed. After fighting in World War I, America began working on alliesRead MoreMargaret Hermanns Explaining Foreign Policy Behaviour Using the Personal Characteristics of Political Leaders964 Words   |  4 Pagesmakeup. Fundamentally, a person’s cognition and operational codes, which basically comprise the personal characteristics that determine their behaviour, how the individual perceives, interprets, learns as well as past experiences influencing their behaviour, affects their decisions. Knowing how a leader thinks and what he/she believes can be classified as that leaders operational code. Alexander George defines the operational code as a political leader’s beliefs about theRead MoreThe Cold War And The Soviet Union1122 Words   |  5 Pages The Cold War was a state of political hostility between the U.S and the Soviet bloc, the most powerful nations in the world. The two countries fought together as allies in World War II but toward the end of the War the two nations competing ideologies and visions of the post War prevented them from working together. The Cold War was by far the biggest threat to human existence the world has ever seen, although their was never any declaration of War between the two competing nations, the SovietRead MoreArab-Israeli Conflicts between 1948 and 19731227 Words   |  5 Pageswas quite a bit of animosity and conflict between the Arab world and Israeli’s. This was caused by a struggle for land in the state of what was known as Palestine but to many it is now known as Israel. This conflict in the Middle East caused many wars between Israel and it s surrounding Arab states. At the same time both USA and the USSR were trying to spread their ideologies and get a foothold in the Middle East because of strategic position, they would have access to the Indian and Mediterranean

Power of a Woman (the Colour Purple) Free Essays

The Power of Women Every country on earth is affected by a common issue – discrimination. Discrimination is the prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially in regards to race, age, or sex. Such an issue began to affect the world in the seventeenth century, and has continued till this day. We will write a custom essay sample on Power of a Woman (the Colour Purple) or any similar topic only for you Order Now African Americans were first targeted by the Caucasian race due to the significant difference within their skin tone. In the Colour Purple by Alice Walker, people are faced with several types of discrimination: sexism, domestic abuse and racism. Discrimination is one of the most devastating events that mankind may have to potentially face. In the seventeenth century, sexism was leading this era. Women were not thought of very highly and were often taken advantage of. Till this day there are still sexist comments being targeted towards women. This social issue in society plays a large role, which dictates the opinions and views of when perceiving a gender . In the novel, The Colour Purple there is a very sexist setting, causing frequent beatings, the stereotypes based on African American women, and the thoughts and feelings towards them. Throughout this novel many different strong women are mistreated, the strongest of them all being – Cellie. Sexism played a large part in women’s lives, as they were judged upon a woman’s beauty, clothing and children. When young Cellie was sold and married to an older man, she did not know the devastating events that her life would bring. Cellies husband makes her cook, clean, take care of his kids, shave him and have sexual intercourse with him. Cellie accepted the stereotypes that were presented to her and she was obligated to think that the way she was treated was acceptable â€Å"When a women marry she spose to keep a decent house and family† p47. When Cellie says this she is sharing her thoughts on how a married woman should act and her place in the home. This forces Cellie to be prejudice and think that all men are horrible and sexist. There comes a time in every strong woman’s life, that hurtful words are said about appearance, imagine and behaviour. This young woman was told every single day by all the men in her life how ugly she was. She was reminded every single day about her flaws, this lead to the down fall in her self- esteem issues. Her husband never showed her love because he thought she was â€Å"too black† to actually love or even respect. The reason why Cellie’s father sold her and not her younger sister was because she was too pretty for any man, and young Cellie was not. She was reminded every day of her flaws. â€Å"He black as tar, nappy-headed, got legs like baseball bats, and I hear she got that nasty women’s disease†. This quote is said to Cellie by her father in law while they are having a family dinner. Cellie begins to feel embarrassed because her whole family begins to laugh and agree. Sexism is a type of discrimination, and is still an issue in today’s society. Thousands of homes have been affected by domestic violence. The conformational battle between spouses, ex spouses and children has been affecting society for a long time. Each year thousands of females are beaten by their husbands, fathers, or even their brothers. Before Cellie married, she was harassed by her own father. He would rape her and give her cruel and unusual punishments. She thought she had no options and had to endure the pain that her father had infused upon her. Cellie did not know that the pain she was enduring from her father was against the law, because she had been surrounded in this environment her entire life and it was all she knew. Cellie did not understand that being raped by her father and getting her daughter taken away from her was against the law. â€Å"He [Pa] never had a kine word to say to me. Just say You gonna do what your mammy wouldn’t. First he put his thing up gainst my hip and sort of wiggle it around. Then he grab hold my titties. Then he push his thing inside my pussy. When that hurt, I cry. He start to choke me, saying You better shut up and git used to it. I don’t never get used to it. And now I feels sick every time I be the one to cook† p1. Cellie’s father was physically violent and he caused extensive emotional damage by not showing respect for his daughter, he treated her like she was his personal slave and he never said a kind word to her. She was under her father’s influence as she was not able to tell anyone about the events that were taking place in her home and the way she was being treated. Cellie struggled her whole entire life in search for happiness. When Cellie was sold and married to a man, she was glad because she was unconfined from her father and his cruelty. Her husband had no intension of loving her, he not only physically abused her but he was verbally abusive as well. He ordered her to take care of all the housework- because she is a female and he insisted that she look after his kids. If Cellie refused and defied her husband she was severally punished. It is common for any human being that is put forth in these traumatizing events to lose respect for themselves, forget how to live life as well as love. Cellie’s life has always been full of sorrow and darkness, until a miracle occurred. Cellie met a powerful women who changed her perspective in life, and reminded her how to laugh, have fun and stand up for herself. She found the courage to stand up for herself and get a divorce from her husband. â€Å"I curse you, he say what you mean? I say until you do right by me everything you touch will crumble† p122. Cellie realized that a woman does not need a man to survive and that woman can live their lives the way they want to. She managed to establish self respect and obtain higher self esteem. Racism is the discrimination of different races and is the thought of one race or color of skin has more physical and mental abilities than another. Why do we think such things of other people? Is it really right to think of people differently because of the color of their skin? In the seventeenth century it was considered tolerable to be divided by the colour of your skin. Caucasian’s were known to be successful store owners and filthy rich. Whereas people from the African American decent were slaves or small store owners and were considered poor. The Caucasian decent at the time were the wealthiest and always wanted the cleanest African Americans to be their slaves and take care of all their household chores. If an African American refused to become a slave then they were forced to become on and had to endure cruel and unusual punishments. In the novel, another powerful women Sofia is taken away from her family and friends to become a slave. She was a slave for the most powerful woman, Sofia had chosen to stand up for herself and say that she did not want to be the mayors wife’s slave, she had even slapped her for asking, Sofia was then put into jail. Once she was released from jail, she was sent to the mayor’s house to become their slave, once again and now became their property. â€Å"Miss Millie finger the children some more, finally look at Sofia and the prizefighter. She look at the prizefighter car. She eye Sofia wristwatch. She say to Sofia, All your children so clean, she say, would you like to work for me, be my maid? Sofia say, Hell no. She say, What you say? Sofia say, Hell no. Mayor look at Sofia, push his wife out the way. Stick out his chest. Girl, what you say to Miss Millie? Sofia say, I say, Hell no† p137. Any African American woman would be honoured to work for a wealthy Caucasian family but Sofia was unwilling and had enough self respect not to degrade herself. Sofia is standing up for herself, her children and her beliefs, but she is thrown into jail to be beaten and come out a scared black women. Sofia’s children do not become slaves or â€Å"maids†, but one of Sofia’s punishments was that she was not allowed to see or even speak to her family. One Thanksgiving Day, Sofia was rewarded for being a good slave and was allowed to go visit her family with one condition, Miss. Mille would have to drive her there and back to make sure she would not run away. When they got there Miss. Mille was not able to turn off her car, so Sofia’s brother had tried to help, but Miss. Mille got scared and thought she was being sexually abused. Miss. Mille had forced Sofia to drive her home and she was never to come back to see her family again. â€Å"Come on Cellie, let’s go these people are going to hurt me and your the only one I trust† p150. Even though Sofia’s brothers were only trying to help Miss. Millie, she was scared because they were â€Å"black† she was being racist and stereotyped that all â€Å"black† people were not decent individuals. Racism played a very important role in African American families; it broke them apart and/or made them stronger. It had broken bonds and made African Americans live through memories they have of each other. Discrimination is a social issue that still influences people all around the world. This issue has many different aspects and people are affected and treated by it differently. The novel The Colour Purple is a historical novel that involves many different forms of discrimination: sexism, racism and domestic abuse. Discrimination is affecting many people around the world and we need to put an end to it, putting an end to it is the only way we will be able to change the world! How to cite Power of a Woman (the Colour Purple), Papers

Classical Wrestling free essay sample

Vladicavcasian Humanitarian Lyceum THE REPORT OF THE PUPIL OF THE 7 FORM Uruimagov Kazbek Vladicavkas 2004. Introduction This summer Hasan Boroev, my uncle # 8217 ; s adherent, became the best grappler in the Greek-Roman category, in the universe. And I decided to compose a study on this subject. Because I was proud of my uncle and I decided to state you about this unfamous sort of athletics in our democracy. While happening the information I decided to do my subject wider. And began happening information about all old athleticss we had in our little democracy. I # 8217 ; ve found such athleticss as: wrestle, Equus caballus equitation, bike athletics and so on. Today I want to state you about them. I # 8217 ; m certain you # 8217 ; ll go interested. The first grappler The first grappler At the beginning of our sencury in Russia he name of the great osetian grappler Temirbolat Dudarovich Kanukov was celebrated. This # 8220 ; bogatyr # 8221 ; developed remarkably. Before he was 1 twelvemonth old, he was really little, lame and delicate. Then he began to turn rapidly. When he was 10 old ages old he worked with his male parent cutting trees in the wood. And when he was 5 old ages old he worked with logs himself. When Bola was 15, he was 2m 24sm long and weighed 200 kilogram. Temirbolat ( Bola ) Dudarovich Kanukov was called # 8220 ; Kazbek # 8221 ; a mountain. Bola was really sort and uncunning. His neighbours frequently made him take tests in his strength. And Bola easy managed to go through them. His household wasn # 8217 ; t large a married woman, a girl and an adoptive boy Vasiliy. Bola adapted him when Vasiliy was 2,5 old ages old. He loved him non less than a girl. It was difficult to conceal such large adult male in a little small town of Koban, and Temirbolat didn # 8217 ; Ts like to sit in his mountain nest. Bola asked his male parent and went to Vladicavcas, where the Turkish circus was demoing its fast ones, and asked the bast grappler to hold a lucifer, with Bola. He easy won the # 8220 ; butcher # 8221 ; . Therefore Temirbolat became a circus grappler. He liked to wrestle in parterre. Confronting Bola his challenger couldn # 8217 ; t stand on his legs. In 1904 Bola Kanukov became a professional grappler and played on the circus arena more than 10 old ages. He didn # 8217 ; Ts have any technique, but he won his challengers with the aid of strength and bravery. He won many celebrated grapplers. Last clip Bola wrestled in 1917 in Baku. It was separating and that # 8217 ; s why the hardest lucifer. It is adequate to state that his challengers were universe title-holders. When he won last lucifer he bowed standing on the saint point of sphere, which was little for him. He stayed in the wrestling history as a really strong adult male. Temirbolat died with unusual decease. He lay on the dry land. After the storm he couldn # 8217 ; t base, he was brought to the house ailment. He lay in bed for 3weeks and died. Bola was bored in Mayskoe small town. In 1934 his girl died. During the Great Patriotic War Vasiliy, his adoptive boy, fought and died as a hero. History There is no uncertainty that the triumphs of grapplers in free manner were caused chiefly by the fact that the most portion of future title-holders came from classical wrestling the great freers coach Aslanbek Zaharovich Dzgoev used to reiterate: Classic is ever authoritative . As a Peculiar illustration of osetian grapplers, of classical manner, we may name Temirbolat Kanukov. The glorification of his strength was rumbling in all state. Before the Great Patriotic War Kermen and Peter Tukkaevs, Peter Andiev, Mustafa Nakov and others glittered on the sphere. Nakov became a bronzy title-holder of USSR in 1939. At that clip it was really perfect. Viktor Pavlov won non less. Since 1924 to 1941 cipher could win him in the democracy and in the whole Caucasus. Later Victor Radionovich started to train and fix a great figure of good grapplers between them there are A. Tukkaev, A. Makoev, V. Gacolaev and others. Great was a portion to the development of classical wrestle of Michael Ogladze. His grapplers Peter Andiev, Boris Burnacev became the Caucasic title-holders non one time. But the particular prosperity of classical wrestle came at the terminal of 50th at the beginning of 60th, many fantastic sportswomans won many international and USSR competitions between them are Kermen Samenov s, Michael Ogladze s and Aslan Dzgoev s grapplers # 8212 ; victors of RSFSR competitions of many old ages. And Anatoly Kirov, which came to Vladicavkas to analyze, while he was here he won a universe title. Tauzbek Dzahsorov, Boris Abaev, Tamir Marzaganov, Boris Basiev and Shaukuz Dzarasov had both good methods in free and in classical manner. We can call many good grapplers in ulterior clip, between them there are the Sumenov brothers, and Sidakov brothers. There were different minutes in the history of classical wrestle. It was celebrated and non. But in all times there were work forces, who didn # 8217 ; t allow this sort of athletics disappear between them Aslanbek Hamurov, Emzar Karalidze and Vladimir Uruimagov are chiefly due to his attempts late this sort of athleticss has got the increasing popularity. For a long clip in our democracy was merely one school, which was headed by Robert Gouchmazov. Today specializers talk about immature Osetian bogatyrs # 8221 ; such as Nart Camakaev, Denis Forov, Anzor Totrov, Valery Cuckuev and Hasan Baroev, became twice Russian title-holder and universe title-holder in immature class of 97kg. In this weight Vladimir Uruimagov became an USSR title-holder, and now he trains Hasan. Became Alexander Dulaev, Rastislav Budtuev, became Russian victors, and now it is Hasan s bend. At the age of 17 he became a maestro of athletics in buttocks at Greece-Roman wrestling manner. In 2001 Hasan changed weight class for l20 kilogram. In this class Alexander Karelin won his contemporariess in Russia and in the universe, and in 2002 he won Denis Forov who won European competition. In 2003 Hasan won Rulon Gardner, who won Alexander Karelin on Olympic Games. Presents The following # 8220 ; Congress # 8221 ; of the best grapplers in our planet took topographic point in the suburb of Gallic capital in Kretey. There were more people that in the last old ages, as the monetary value of the Olympic wins became higher. It # 8217 ; s interesting that the gold decorations went to five states. And merely Russia has two the valuablest unit of ammunitions. The universe proud to our state, brought Hasan Boroev and Aleksey Glushkov. But unluckily squad has the 2nd topographic point. It # 8217 ; s strange that in four classs our grapplers have no topographic point in Olympic Games. Hasan Baroev the youngest universe title-holder in the history of wrestlering.Paris was beautiful in that dark. Our managers were walking on its street and exulted # 8211 ; we had the first aureate decoration. Hasan Boroev brought it to us ; Hasan became 21 an the 1st of December. In fairy of bad consequences on the Europe title, the chief manager of our squad took Hasan on the universe title. And Hasan won. He went to these decorations a armored combat vehicle. But he collided with the wall at the 1/8 of the concluding this wall was Rulon Gardner. That, grapplers won Aleksandr Karelin on Olympic Games. But it # 8217 ; s non all ; in 2001 he became a universe. Champion before the lucifer Gardner said that Hasan has a good technique, but he was certain that he # 8217 ; ll win. Hasan won 3:0 and this is all. Then Hasan easy won challengers one after one. The last lucifer was the hardest and he won it 3:1. Hasan Boroev is a adherent of Vladimir Uruimagov, his another grappler Denis Forov became a universe title-holder in his age class in Turkey, and Vladislav Kokoev had a bronze decoration. In his interview to magazine # 8220 ; Classical Wrestling # 8221 ; Hasan said that he had been born in Dushanbe, but when he had been nine, his household had gone to Vladicavkas. And at that place in 1997 he met Vladimir Borisovich Uruimagov his household International Relations and Security Network # 8217 ; t little # 8211 ; three sisters, male parents Mahar, female parent Raisa and Vladimir Borisovich, they are really, friendly. Vladimir is with three old ages ago thanks to president of Moscow # 8220 ; Torpedo # 8221 ; Aleksey Kim, Hasan began to life in Moscow. And in national squad Hasan train many celebrated managers.

A lesson I learned the hard way free essay sample

When I was little I let my imagination get me in a lot of trouble, I used to believe anything and everything anyone ever told me. Later as the years flew by I learned to trust no one, because eventually they would spill every secret, you ever told them. Another thing I learned the hard way was everyone makes mistakes no one Is perfect. It was hard for me to believe people as well, I went through a lot when I was growing up. My mom went to Jail when I was 8 years old, It was 3 years of lies and mistakes people had told me made to keep me away from the filthy truth. They TLD want to e me hurt or upset, but In reality I needed my mom. ..I was almost 10 when I started teaching myself to take care of myself on my own, Like taking dally showers, brushing my hair teeth, without being reminded, as well as taking care of my little brother and making sure he did the same. We will write a custom essay sample on A lesson I learned the hard way or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My dad couldnt always come home and cook and clean, he was basically a rued single parent at the time trying to supply food, shelter, and water for us 4 kids. Chase Stately were never home, so I learned how to manage and get by as well as my dad. I cooked or helped dad with dinner almost every night, did dishes, and picked up the house for my dads sake.He appreciated it and finally told me to be a kid, but I knew I couldnt in a way, I wanted to help. I enjoyed playing with Hunter when dad was at work, but to everyone else like the nosy stuck up neighbors I was his slave. I dont recall him ever forcing me too help out, he told me many Friday nights I could go to my friends house, it was I who wanted to be home with them, I could care less about slumber parties and sleep oversees, because to me I understood family is more important, family is always there for oh when no one else is and the friends I had then sure as heck arent here for me now.I learned in that three to four year time being how to be a kid, yet have responsibility, quite frankly it wasnt easy. I didnt trust anyone because I couldnt count on anyone. All those times I missed the bus, there was no one to make sure my little brother didnt have to miss, and take him to school. I would walk him to the elementary school, then walk myself to the middle school and begin my day. I grew up fast, time flew but it seemed like it was insanely slow. Later that year my mom got mom, and life restarted and its better than ever. Everyone needs to take things more seriously, and realistically.You never know when life is going to smack you in the face and say; heres reality, enjoy it. The lesson(s) I learned the hard way those years were: 1 Dont take things for granted. 2. ) Be your own best friend. 3. ) Tell the truth. 4. ) Remember family Is always there when no one else Is. A lesson I learned the hard way By hailstones Another thing I learned the hard way was everyone makes mistakes no one is perfect. Up. My mom went to Jail when I was 8 years old, it was 3 years of lies and mistakes people had told me made to keep me away from the filthy truth.They didnt want to see me hurt or upset, but in reality I needed my mom. .. I was almost 10 when I started teaching myself to take care of myself on my own, like taking daily showers, brother and making sure he did the same. My dad couldnt always come home and cook and clean, he was basically a tired single parent at the time trying to supply little brother didnt have to miss, and take him to school. I would walk him to the were: 1 . ) Dont take things for granted. 4. ) Remember family is always there when no one else is.

Free Essays on All-American Girl

included are, don’t, can’t, leave, undress, and nevershe says twice. What does this style have to do with being an All-American Girl? It has a lot to do with her view, after each and every negative sentence she follows with a positive sentence, usually with humor. An example of this is â€Å"If we can’t make peace I’ll order the leather duster and swagger across the plaza in the Santa Fe, cross-dressing for the girls.† This one sentence in the Shopping poem is what an All-American Girl is all about. A girl that has the freedom to suppress her feelings by going out and doing something like thi... Free Essays on All-American Girl Free Essays on All-American Girl All-American Girl All-American Girl the title of Robin Becker’s book of poems suggests her view of what an American girl is. Becker shows through her poems that an American girl doesn’t have to be what society would call an American girl. She instead has a view of what an American girl is based on her life. She uses religion, culture, and human nature of society in most of her poems to demonstrate what an American girl is to her. Becker uses the titles of the poems as the setting, and sometimes the theme for her poems. Some of her titles are everyday events or activities. The style of doing this is very unique way to interpret an All-American girl. She controls the tone by the style she lays her poems in too. She either makes it smooth as satin or rough as sandpaper. Using different techniques causes the reader to flow through the poem, or stumble along having pauses to find your place. These ways are all very good put together for the reader to feel, and understand Becker’s view s. Becker’s first poem â€Å"Shopping† is one of the everyday events, she takes this everyday event and makes her feelings and views expressed. In this poem she uses the word â€Å"if† repeatedly, this type of style flows like the nursery rhyme mocking bird. This repetition is often followed by a negative word in the sentence. Some of these words included are, don’t, can’t, leave, undress, and nevershe says twice. What does this style have to do with being an All-American Girl? It has a lot to do with her view, after each and every negative sentence she follows with a positive sentence, usually with humor. An example of this is â€Å"If we can’t make peace I’ll order the leather duster and swagger across the plaza in the Santa Fe, cross-dressing for the girls.† This one sentence in the Shopping poem is what an All-American Girl is all about. A girl that has the freedom to suppress her feelings by going out and doing something like thi...

Female Victims of Miscarriage of Justices Dissertation - 1

Female Victims of Miscarriage of Justices - Dissertation Example Laws have male characteristics and target male crime, thus overlooking the realities of women's lives with regards to criminal justice. This generates the "generalizability problem†1 where patriarchal values thus serve masculine needs2. Introduction The very idea of miscarriage of justice is discouraged by every legal system that stands as a bastion to democracy. Every civilised government has recognised the need to ensure that all its citizens are treated fairly within the due process of law. For example, the Criminal Justice Act 1991 provides3 that: â€Å"The Secretary of State shall in each year publish such information as he considers expedient for the purpose of facilitating the performance of those engaged in the administration of justice to avoid discriminating against any persons on the ground of race or sex or any other improper ground.† In attempting to establish a fitting legal system that incorporates the democratic principles of justice, it is of importance that the issue of gender differences is examined. â€Å"Despite claims to the contrary, masculinist epistemologies are built upon values that promote masculine needs and desires, making all others invisible†4– making women almost invisible within the justice system, and this can easily lead to miscarriage of justice. MacKinnon states, â€Å"For women to affirm difference, when difference means dominance, as it does with gender, means to affirm the qualities and characteristics of powerlessness†5. This is very true of our societies even though women are mistreated by the same laws that were established because of care and concern. The law therefore lays emphasis to equality, but uses a masculine standard as a threshold for enforcement. Lahey calls this â€Å"equality with a vengeance.†6 Aims of study The aim of this paper is to explore femininism and miscarriage of justice from a criminal law perspective. This paper does not engage in a dispute about wheth er women’s right should be different from men in the criminal justice system. The underlying premise is that rights are universal. The paper simply uses the universalism and cultural relativism debate as an entry point to a discussion of ethical considerations of women in the criminal law system of justices. It will attempt to demonstrate how cultural differences persist between man and women. â€Å"Difference in this instance is set up as a duality: woman is different from man, and this difference is seen as a deficiency because she is not man†7. The paper will therefore critically and comparatively consider how the law has attempted to reconcile the rights of women at criminal trials with what obtains in different legal cultures and their resultant effect on females as victims of miscarriage of justice. Analysis I will analyze my paper from the perception of these enquires: What is miscarriage of justice? Miscarriage of justices is considered as a situation in which ‘the rights of others are not effectively or proportionately protected by the state’8. The main keyword that makes an act constitute a form of miscarriage of justice is â€Å"failure to act†. How is miscarriage of justice manifested? The victimization of women makes access to justice illusory, amounting to miscarriage of justice. Access to justice is reasoned to be a priority enjoyed by

No texting on your cell phone while driving Essay

No texting on your cell phone while driving - Essay Example Many new rules and regulations have been issued to prevent this matter in most parts of the world. This position paper focuses on the idea that people should not do texting on their cell phones while driving it is injuries for one’s life. This statement is supported by concentrating on three main point’s i.e. distracted driving videos, laws and rules of using cell phones and college student’s perception on texting. 1.2 Distracted driving Distracted driving is very risky and injuries for peoples life. Many videos on distracted driving have been launched by US transportation in order to create awareness among people. According to agency group (2011), â€Å"Faces of distracted driving is mainly a series of video which focuses on the dangerous consequences of texting on cell phone while driving.† This means that use of cell phone and texting has become quite common among people while driving and leads to accidents. In 2009, around half a million people got inj ured and 5,500 people died due to texting on cell phone while driving. Many websites are encouraging to upload distracting videos in order to educate people of the society about the threats related to texting while driving such as USDOT, face book, you tube etc. Video US department of transportation introduced a video on the facts of distracted driving. This video concentrated on Brown family, emphasizing on their 17 years old daughter, Alex. She got killed in an accident in 2009; the reason was that she was doing text message on cell phone while driving in Texas. This family also appeared on ABC extreme makeover: Home Edition in order to raise the awareness of dangers related to distracted driving, so that this thing does not happen in any other family. Presidential order on distracted driving US president gave an order on distracted driving in December 2009, which prohibited four million employees from doing text messages on cell phone while using government vehicles. This order w as passed to make people familiarize of the dangers of distracted driving (Agency Group, 2009). 1.3 Laws and rules Some of the laws and regulations made in relation to texting on cell phone while driving are described below: FRA (Federal Railroad Administration) passed a rule to prohibit the use of cell phones to rail employees while they are on duty. This rule was issued after the rail crash in California which killed 25 people. FMCA (Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration) passed a rule in September 2010 in which text messaging on cell is prohibited while using a commercial motor vehicle. PHMSA (Pipeline and Hazardous Material Safety Administration) restricted the use of any electronic device during driving a motor vehicle in December 2010 (Agency Group, 2011). Most recently, in January 2010, a federal guidance was issued by US transportation secretary in which commercial vehicles such as busses and trucks drivers were prohibited from texting messages while driving and if any one was caught in doing this practice a penalty of $2,750 would be charged on the driver. Eighteen states have banned texting messages while drivers from November 2009. Most of them have imposed fine on drivers who are caught texting while driving. 1.4 College students and text messaging Presently College students are frequent drivers. Large numbers of students drive by their own to go to colleges and universities. According to Harrison Marissa A, (2011). â€Å"It has been identified that 91% of college students do text messages while

Discussion of the North Rock Company Coursework

Discussion of the North Rock Company - Coursework Example Since the last 20 years, the uncertainties in the global financial system have affected a large number of financial institutions among which the Northern Rock is also included. The institution has been bearing the losses since the last 4 years, where another reason for that could be the global recession that has veiled the whole Europe. Also, the debacle of the home mortgage industry since the 1990s is another factor for the debacle of the business of Northern Rock. The purpose of this report is to establish an authentic critique of the case study of Northern Rock retail bank. The key aims adopted in the critique will deal with those indicators that have made NR a victim of a debacle in the financial system. The report will critically analyze those aspects that have led NR to keep losing in the financial business race. The role of the credit crunch and its direct effect on NR financial performance will be discussed. The effects of the modern models of banking will be explained in the light of which an analysis about NR will be made that will explain the outcomes of the institutions in case of adopting new business banking models. The role of the credit rating agencies has also been critical in terms of the financial collapse of the NR and that will also be discussed. Another important dimension of NR consistent failure of bringing back its old legacy will be presented in this critique in which the role key policies and regulations adopted by UK financial system and more importantly Northern Rock will be explained and their spillover effects would also be explained. The current crisis inside the business of the NR will best be understood by the consultation of the liberalization of financial markets in the UK in 1986. The financial institutions and production markets then were allowed to compete with each in a free market as well as to offer as many services or products as they  wanted. The decision made by NR officials was to follow this policy and hence they started expanding their business by offering more services to the clients to catch more number of consumers to get subscribed to their services.  

Multicultural Issues For Malaysians

Multicultural Issues For Malaysians Malaysia is a country which consists of multiracial culture, ethnics, and races. Malaysia is made up of three main races: Malay, Chinese and Indian. Ethnic races consist of Iban, Dayak, Kadazan and many other minorities. Even the Chinese in Malaysia comes from different ethnic groups and speak different dialects. Similarly, the Indians in Malaysia come from different parts of India and they speak different languages and even have different culture. The fact that Malaysia consist of so many races and ethnic group makes it a gastronomical paradise. Different races and ethnic groups have their own way of serving food and their own eating culture. Tourists who come to Malaysia will experience a multiracial and multicultural country first hand. Furthermore, if you were to take a look into Malaysian history, Malaysia has been colonized by many western countries, such as the Portuguese, Dutch, Siam, Japanese and also British. They leave behind not only war traits but also various culture an d buildings. However, when it comes to formal dinners, usually traditional Malay food or western food are served. In some occasions where the government tends to promote unity in the country, fusion of food from the three races might be served at the same time. If we were to attend Chinese wedding dinner, we realized that most of the time, the dishes that are served are almost the same. That is called the Chinese set menu. Each itinerary in the Chinese set menu has its own distinct meaning behind it. Each dish has a history behind it. The first course of the Chinese set menu is often an even-numbered selection of cold dishes; eight or ten are traditionally served. After the cold course comes a showy soup such as sharks fin soup or birds nest soup. The guests help themselves to the dishes at a banquet, but the soup is served by the host, and much drinking and toasting accompanies it. Following the soup comes a decorative meat dish, more courses follow lobster, pork, scallops and chicken. Between the courses, a variety of sweets are brought out. Peking duck with scallion brushes, hoisin sauce, and thin pancakes are often served in the middle of the festivities. Traditionally, the final course is a whole fish, which is placed on the table with its head pointes towards the guest of honor. Throughout the meal, the guests pay elaborate compliments to the food. Enjoyment of the food offered is much more important than sparkling dinner table conversation. At a banquet, the food itself is the medium communicating the host s good wishes and the hoy of the celebration. Noodles are often served in a Chinese set menu during wedding dinners or birthday celebration dinners. Noodles occupy an important position in Chinese cuisine. Actually, the Chinese were the inventors of noodles, and they were brought to the European noodle country, Italy, by Marco Polo in the 13th century. The Chinese do have a seemingly very logical reason why the longer noodles are better. To the superstitious Chinese race, long noodles mean long life or longevity. Making noodles the traditional Chinese way is an acrobatic art. The dough is pulled and whirled through the air in order to stretch it through centrifugal force; but today other techniques or machines are being used. In Chinese cuisine, noodles can be served in three ways: in a clear coup with meat and some vegetables, or mixed with meat and with a thickened sauce poured over or without sauce; whereas for noodles with sauce egg noodles (mien) are commonly used, its bijon noodles if served without sauce. Egg noodle dished with sauce appear on Chinese menus with English translation often specified as fried. This is grossly misleading as they are mostly just barely sauted. There is nothing crisp in such a fried dish, and the rather tasteless cornstarch sauce gives the dish a porridge texture. Another important part in the Chinese set menu is soup. Often in Chinese wedding dinners, sharks fin soup is being served as the second menu after the cold dish. Soups in Chinese set menu differ from western soups as Chinese soup uses cornstarch as a thickening agent unlike western soups where they use cream. The two famous Chinese soups, shark fin soup and the birds nest soup appear to be thickened but the glutinous texture does, in neither case, result from the addition of cornstarch but from the two main ingredients, shark fin and birds nests which are simmered for many hours. Soups in Chinese set menu are dated back as long as the history of noodles does. Chinese in China use drink soup to warm themselves up during winter. Nowadays if we were to look in to common house cooking dishes, there must be at least a dish which is made of soups. Soups are considered to be one of the seasonings in Chinese cooking. Even noodles, are served in soups. Fish is considered as a must in Chinese set menu or Chinese wedding banquet. Fish has symbolic significance in Chinese culture. In Chinese, the sound of fish is yu which sounds like the word for riches or abundance. Hence, Chinese people believe that fish is a symbol of abundance and prosperity. Serving fish in a Chinese wedding banquet is to wish the people have an abundant and prosperous life in future. Fish can either be steamed or deep fried. However, fish in Chinese wedding banquet is normally steamed and served with a specially prepared sauce which consists of soy sauce and oil. As said earlier, according to Chinese believe, fish is normally served in Chinese banquet with the fish head heading towards the host. Sea cucumber is another important ingredient in Chinese cooking. Sea cucumber is mostly found in Chinese New Year dishes as it is always cook with many other ingredients with special meanings behind it. Serving sea cucumber with other vegetable is a symbol of selflessness. This is because in Chinese, sea cucumber sounds like good heart. This course is to wish the newlyweds to think in a similar way and encourage them to avoid conflict by cultivating a good heart. Sea cucumber is also considered as one of the exotic seafood. As a highly graded sea cucumber may exceed the price of shark fins. In some expensive Chinese restaurants, a sea cucumber dish maybe as expensive as RM500. Finally, after all the mouth-watering dishes, comes the dessert. In Chinese set menu banquet, various kinds of fine desserts are served to customers. Here, we should discuss about sweet red bean soup and sweet buns. In olden days, red bean soup is considered as food for poor people. Red beans are relatively cheap and its filling. However, nowadays seldom people like to cook and eat red bean soup. Thats why, red bean soup is considered as a high-class dessert in Chinese set menu. In Chinese banquet menu, red bean soup and sweet buns are served to wish the newlyweds a sweet life. The sweet red bean soup contains lotus seeds and bark-like vegetables which signify togetherness. CONCLUSION (Q1) While most Chinese wedding menus are prearranged for you, you can of course change the menu to suit your liking. If you have a good handful of specific crowd that wish for something different than generic offerings, do request for some alterations to suit your guests requirements. Some might think that consumption of food is a vital part of the chemical process of life but to most Chinese, the consumption of food is far more than just vital. The only other activity we engage in that is of comparable importance to our lives and to the life of our species is sex. As Kao Tzu, a Warring States-period philosopher and keen observer of human nature, said, Appetite for food and sex is nature. In fact, the importance of food in understanding human culture lies precisely in its infinite variability -variability that is not essential for species survival. For survival needs, all men everywhere could eat the same food, to be measured only in calories, fats, carbohydrates, proteins, and vitamins. But no, people of different backgrounds eat very differently. The basic stuffs from which food is prepared; the ways in which it is preserved, cut up, cooked (if at all); the amount and variety at each meal; the tastes that are liked and disliked; the customs of serving food; the utensils; the beliefs about the foods properties -these all vary. The number of such food variables is great. INTRODUCTION (Q2) A table setting in every country is important as it shows the way of how the food is served and consumed as well as their culture. For instance, for Chinese table settings, they put chopsticks and spoons instead of folks and knives like western table settings. The main reason is that the Chinese cuisine is more to be served and consumed with chopsticks whereas in Western cuisine, there are more foods like steaks, salads, breads or even pastas which are usually consumed with folks and knives instead of chopsticks. In other words, it shows the culture of the country itself as well as also shows partially of the way it is to be consumed. QUESTION 2 F:à «Ã‹Å"ËÅ"à ªÃ‚ ¾Ã‚ ¸Ãƒ ªÃ‚ ºÃ‚ ¼xDCOLLEGE=)SEM.4PRACTICAL KITCHEN AND SERVICEscan0001.jpg The picture above is an example of Chinese table setting. It consists of: Water or tea cups Napkins Chopsticks Chopstick stands Soup spoons Soup bowls Individual plates The picture below is the close up version of the above picture. F:à «Ã‹Å"ËÅ"à ªÃ‚ ¾Ã‚ ¸Ãƒ ªÃ‚ ºÃ‚ ¼xDCOLLEGE=)SEM.4PRACTICAL KITCHEN AND SERVICEscan0002.jpg F:à «Ã‹Å"ËÅ"à ªÃ‚ ¾Ã‚ ¸Ãƒ ªÃ‚ ºÃ‚ ¼xDCOLLEGE=)SEM.4PRACTICAL KITCHEN AND SERVICEscan0003.jpg The picture above shows the Chinese table setting, too but this is the for the VIPs. And it consists of: Tea cup Napkin Wine glass Sauce plate Individual plate Table folk Table knife Table spoon Soup spoon Chopstick Chopstick stand F:à «Ã‹Å"ËÅ"à ªÃ‚ ¾Ã‚ ¸Ãƒ ªÃ‚ ºÃ‚ ¼xDCOLLEGE=)SEM.4PRACTICAL KITCHEN AND SERVICEscan0005.jpg The picture above shows how and what is to be served or to be changed when it comes to serving Chinese cuisine by course by course and the table contains: Individual plates Soup bowls Soup spoons Table spoons Table folks Table knives Water or tea glasses or cups Round and rectangular trays Lastly, the picture below shows the overall environment of a Chinese table setting. F:à «Ã‹Å"ËÅ"à ªÃ‚ ¾Ã‚ ¸Ãƒ ªÃ‚ ºÃ‚ ¼xDCOLLEGE=)SEM.4PRACTICAL KITCHEN AND SERVICEscan0004.jpg CONCLUSION Through completing this assignment I got to have more time to look into the Chinese cuisine as well as the meaning of each and every Chinese cuisine especially when it comes to wedding dinner and also, I never thought that the table setting would be this important however after finishing this assignment I realized that the table setting actually shows and represents the culture.

A Comparison of the Portrayal of Boo Radley in To Kill a Mockingbird :: English Literature

A Comparison of the portrayal of Boo Radley in To Kill a Mockingbird and Miss Havisham in great expectations. In 'To Kill a Mockingbird' the author uses a retrospective narration, this means that we can see events through the eyes of a child, yet also has the intelligence of an adult to explain the events thouroghly. Because narrator has personal experience of what happened we have a closer insight into the details. This method of reflection means that we can understand other characters feelings more easily, and the settings and ways of Maycomb. 'Great Expectations' is similar to ' To Kill a Mockingbird' it also has shows the events of a person from childhood to becoming an adult. The story follows Pip, who is the main character in this novel; it shows him as a child, being introduced to Miss Havisham, then later on as a main person in Miss Havisham's life. Pip and Scout help us to understand the feelings of other characters.. 'To Kill a Mockingbird' is set in the 1930s, in a town called Maycomb. It is a small town with a close-knit community, it has a deserted feel to it, however it is very tense, with a lot of families and rumours and gossip. Maycomb is also a claustrophobic place to be, with the identical houses, the grass on the sidewalks (unkempt), and also it is very dusty, hot and humid. The neighbours are known to be very suspicious and judgemental. It is a reserved community and it can get very dull. In 'Great Expectations', in the chapters that we have read, rather then it being concentrated on a town, it is mostly concentrated on Miss Havisham's House. Satis House, which stand for very big and satisfactory. Within this house everything is kept the way it was at the time of the wedding. With cobwebs, and dust on all the furniture. Even the surrounding of the satis house was dying; "there was a large brewery, no brewing was going on in it", this shows that everything around miss Havisham was a symbol of what was within her. It shows that she is dead within. Both Boo Radley and Miss Havisham live in seclusion, this means they prefer to be cut off from the outside world, a quote that show this is' "some of the windows had been walled up" However they both have someone to help them with life, Boo Radley has his brother Nathan, and Miss Havisham has her adopted daughter Estella. Miss Havisham acts this way because of what happened to her earlier in her life; she was left at the altar.

Harley Davidson History Essay

Actually, the history of the Harley-Davidson Company began in 1903, when two brothers, Bill Harley and Walter Davidson, invented their first motorcycle in Milwaukee (Gannon, 2002, p. 8). At that period of time other companies produced motorcycles in the North-American states and one of them, the Indian Motorcycle Company, became the main competitor of Harley-Davidson for many years. In fact, it was a bicycle, equipped with a one-cylinder motor. All details of that motorcycle were produced manually. Later, the second version of that bike was produced with more powerful motor and it became the first motorcycle for sale (p. 10). Three bikes were assembled that year and the Harley-Davidson Company opened the first page of its history. In 1904, the brothers produced 8 motorcycles and in 1906 it were 50. The company developed very quickly and by that period of time it included about 20 employees hired. Harley-Davidson constantly aspired to create a high speed bike and as a result the new model known as V-twin was introduced in 1909. The specially designed vacuum valves and a belt transmission were the main features of that model (Oliver, 1957, p. 26). In 1910, the legendary â€Å"Bar and Shield† logo was developed. It continues to be the main defining symbol of Harley-Davidson bikes today (p. 28). The significant progress of the Harley-Davidson Company took place in 1912. A new 6-story factory was built and first overseas sales were made in Japan. That year Harley-Davidson presented its first version of gear box. The mechanism of chain gear was designed in 1913 and a three-speed sliding-gear transmission was developed in 1915 (p. 32). It should be emphasized that the First World War played a big role in the development of the Harley-Davidson Company. So, about 20,000 motorcycles were sold to the U. S. military forces by the end of 1918 (Walker, 2000, p. 67). The given order significantly improved the reputation of Harley-Davidson and having 2,000 additional dealerships worldwide the company managed to become the biggest motorcycle factory in the world (Oliver, 1957, p. 34). Improving the construction of V-twin motors, company’s constructors couldn’t get rid of the main problems, typical for the given class of motors. The opened valves often clogged up and had a lot of maintenance problems. At that time, Indian Motorcycle Company used another construction of V-motors. Though, theoretically that construction was less effective the engineers managed to bring it to perfection and got the maximal power and maintenance simplicity. For that reason, the administration of the Harley-Davidson Company took decision to create its own class of V-motors with longitudinal placement. The first pattern of that bike appeared in the last days of the second decade (p. 35). The new model, equipped with the Flathead V-twin engine was invented in 1929 (Walker, 2000, p. 72). The motors of the given model were equipped with side-valves and the classical Flathead could successfully compete with the production of the Indian Motorcycle Company. Unfortunately, Flathead appeared two months earlier the moment when the Great Depression began. The number of sales decreased in several times, but the company managed to survive when others went bankrupt. However, having survived the depression time the company managed to stabilize its economy and was in very advantageous position – huge demand and the absence of supply. In 1932, the three-wheel Servi-Car was developed (Oliver, 1957, p. 38). Together with the change, called as the â€Å"eagle† design, which was painted on all Harley-Davidson gas tanks, there were a lot of changes made in the engine’ s construction. Afterwards, the given model made a good impression on the U. S. police, as a result, Servi-Car managed to become police vehicle (p. 38). In 1936, the Knucklehead motorbike was invented and managed to become the victory over the Indian (p. 39). The given model took place on the market for 12 years and had a huge influence on the further developments. The engineers continued working on Knucklehead model even during the Second World War. Having changed the motor’s configuration and added the hydraulic device intended for pushing valves, the constructors managed to get rid of adjusting gaps. Due to the aluminum body of engine the motor’s heat emission was increased. Afterwards, bikers called that model – Penhead. The main event which took place in 1953, it was the collapse of the main competitor of Harley Davidson – Indian Motorcycle Company (Walker, 2000, p. 88). Nevertheless, the company faced a lot of problems in the marketing field due to the fast development of Japanese and European motorbike companies. Thus, having sold the part of its stocks, Harley Davidson was involved in the cruel fight against foreign producers. In 1969, American Machine and Foundry Company bought the control packet of shares of Harley Davidson and became its actual owner (Oliver, 1957, p. 40). The new motorcycles had a negative impact on the company’s reputation and Harley Davidson began to lose the market of Big-twin and Sportster models. In 1971, FX Super Glide model was produced (p. 43). Although the given model wasn’t popular, Harley Davidson developed its further unique motorcycles on the basis of FX Super Glide. By the middle of 70-s the given models couldn’t cope with the production of Japanese competitors. As a result, in 1981 senior members of Harley-Davidson bought back Harley-Davidson Motor Company from AMF (Walker, 2000, p. 90). In 1983 the group H. O. G was founded and became the largest factory-sponsored motorcycle club in the world. By the year 2000, the club had over 500,000 members (Gannon, 2002, p. 15). In 1984, the new Evolution V2 model with an aluminum head was presented to public (Oliver, 1957, p. 42). At the end of this revolutionary decade for Harley-Davidson, the FXSTS Springer Softail model was introduced into the lineup. It was made on the basis of motorcycles of the 1940-s and equipped with the modern 1340 cc motor (Walker, 2000, p. 92). The appearance of the given engine allowed the Harley Davidson Company to produce many motorcycles by individual orders. So, introduction of such model as FLSTF Fat-Boy in the early 1990-s can be considered as a good evidence of that fact. In 2001, the new model of Harley-Davidson was presented for the 2002 model year. The main feature of the given model was suggested to be the modern engine, equipped with a liquid-cooled system. It should be pointed out that today the Harley Davidson Company takes the leading position in the business World, when demand exceeds supply, that allows to increase the prices of production and stock. References Gannon E. , Veno A. (2002). Brotherhoods: Inside the Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs. Crows Nest: Allen & Unwin Oliver S. H. (1957). Automobiles and Motorcycles in the U. S. National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Walker S. M. (2000). Bikers: Culture, Politics and Power. New York: Berg

Taylor McCauslin Essays (1661 words) - Free Essays, Term Papers

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Blade Runner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

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Via Turnitin, - Essay Example Barrister A barrister is a member of the legal profession that has been ‘called to the Bar’ ergo the name. They argue their cases before the court and also serve as legal counsel or advisers to their clients with the help of their solicitors. Up until 1990, barristers have the exclusive right to argue their cases in court, but now, this law has been revoked and solicitors, in some cases, are allowed to perform this role as well. To be eligible for the title of barrister-at-law, students must pass the qualifications and standards set by the Council of Legal Education and is only restricted to the Inns of Court. By paying a fee, students are summoned to the Bar. For a year, they have to become apprentices in the chambers of practising barrister. Before presenting a case in court, barristers are usually aided and instructed by solicitors regarding their cases. Since 1989, and from the beginning of 1990, many changes to the legal proceedings have been introduces to cut back on litigation costs—one of which is that barristers could present their cases in court without their instructing solicitors in some cases. The law also states that barristers could not be sued by their clients for negligence in presenting their case in court and likewise, cannot sue their client for unpaid fees (â€Å"barrister†). ... Solicitors also â€Å"have a monopoly of certain legal business and are subject to court regulation.† The qualifications, trainings, and standards to become a solicitor is set by the Law Society which includes, but is not limited to an apprenticeship under a practicing solicitor for at least several years and must be a graduate of law school (â€Å"solicitor†). Gray Areas Despite the very distinct roles and functions that was originally intended to be performed by a solicitor and a barrister, changes in the judicature brought about by the changing demands of time have created some gray areas between the functions and roles of the two legal professions wherein they tend to meet in some areas. For instance, originally there is a clear cut distinction that solicitors are to handle legal matters outside the court while barristers would be in charge of arguing cases before the court. The roles are also very separate: the solicitor is the one who gives legal advises to the cl ient and prepares the case for court. After all the legal preparations are handled by the solicitor, the barrister then takes over and brings the case before a judge. Through this process, it is only the solicitor who gets to transact directly with the client. â€Å"It is the solicitor who refers cases to a barrister if there is a need for the case to go to court.† In a nutshell, it is under the prudence of the solicitor if the client would require the services of a barrister (â€Å"Difference between Barrister and Solicitor†). If and when a barrister is brought in the case, the client does not transact with him/ her directly. Rather, the client transacts with the

Horace Mann Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

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Hills Like White Elephants Essay Example for Free

Hills Like White Elephants Essay Ernest Hemingway’s short story â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† touches on an issue people have faced in the past and continues today: communication problems in a relationship. The ability to communicate your feelings to another person during complicated times reveals the true strength in a relationship. Hemingway tells his story through conversations between the two main characters, the American and the girl, named Jig. The characters face the harsh reality of an unexpected pregnancy and conflict is created through their dialogue. Their obstacle is complicated by their inability to deliver their differing opinions to each other. The couple’s failure to communicate their opinions straightforward turns the conversation into a tactic of manipulation. 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The man tries pushing the issue further by inserting his own judgment and assuring her that â€Å"they just let the air in and then it’s all perfectly natural (133). His manipulation can be seen clearly when he suggests â€Å"[The baby’s] the only thing that bothers us† (133). It is clear that their relationship has not been the same since hearing news about the baby. I think she begins to realize that she is left with the choice between having the baby or being with him, which could be depicted when she â€Å"put her hand out and took hold of two of the strings beads, â€Å"referring to only two people being able to be together: her and the baby or her and the man. The man is also planting the idea into the girls mind that he wants her to have a say in the matter and to soften its impact. You’ve got to realize†¦ that I don’t want you to do it if you don’t want to. I’m perfectly willing to go through with it if it means anything to you (134). Yet, when asked if the baby means anything to him, the man replies, â€Å"I don’t want anyone else†. In this line the American is referring to the baby in the girls womb and is saying that he wants only her. While its implications are insensitive, the man believes he is appealing to the girls desire for a man devoted to her. Instead of telling Jig that he does not want a baby to complicate their lives, the man tries to make it seem like an abortion is the best thing for the couple through his careful manipulation. The man’s manipulation is very noticeable, but he is not the only one who can play that game. On the surface, the girl appears helpless and dependent, but if viewed from a different perspective she could be seen as manipulative. Hemingway names her â€Å"the girl† to portray her as somebody who is naive and immature. She appears to be dependent on the man by asking him questions such as, â€Å"What should we drink?† (132) or â€Å"What does it say?† (132). However, she is much smarter than she may seem and communicates her feelings through indirect ways without being offensive to the older man. During their conversation about the drinks tasting like licorice, the girl comments, â€Å"Everything tastes of licorice. Especially all the things you’ve waited so long for, like absinthe† (132). She is trying to show her frustration towards the man in a subtle way. Her frustration is built on the fact that, despite always wishing for a baby, she might not have that chance anymore if she decides to have the abortion. The girl also makes it aware that her frustration runs deeper into their relationship. Upon trying a new drink, Jig questions their life, â€Å"That’s all we do, isn’t it — look at things and try new drinks?† She uses â€Å"all† in a desperate attempt to show the man that she is bored of her life and their relationship, which Bauer suggests â€Å"does not seem to be moving into any kind of commitment† (Bauer), that she deeply wants. As the man suggests that everything will be better after the abortion, The girl reacts, â€Å"And you think then that we’ll be alright and be happy† (133). Without the man even realizing, the girl, to me, has gone from uncertainty to certainty because she did not have to ask the question, already knowing that, as Bauer suggests, â€Å"Whatever they do about the baby, they will not go back to where they were† (Bauer). The girl seems to be in control of the conversation and in response to the man’s claim â€Å"I’ve known lots of people that have done it† (133), she offers sarcasm, â€Å"And afterwards they were all so happy.† The girl realizes that the man is clueless and will never understand. She realizes that she does not have a real decision in her abortion, feeling that the man has already made the decision for her. To compensate for her lack of autonomy, she wants to make the man feel guilty for making her have the abortion, so she tells him, â€Å"then I’ll do it. Because I don’t care about me† (134). Jill grows more explicit to her refusal, as she repeats several times â€Å"No we can’t† (134), ironically refuting his agreement of her own sarcastic statement, â€Å"We can have everything† (134). The man fails to understand her point of view and when Jill points out that â€Å"once they take it away, you never get it back† (134), the man thinks she is talking about their world of travelling, proving his ignorance and selfish desire to hang on to that. Yet if the girl carries the baby to term, the steady sex life that the American has enjoyed will come to an end: Not only will he have to forego sex during her pregnancy, but he will also have to fight for time to have sex with the girl once the babofy is born. Regardless of how seriously the American would take his responsibilities as a father, simply having the baby living with the girl at home would remind the American that he can no longer enjoy the fairly carefree lifestyle that he and the girl led prior to the babys birth. In a sense, he would be entering adult life a second time. Another aspect of youth that the American relives is traveling. In looking at the bags with labels from all the hotels where they had spent nights (Hemingway 76), he is not only thinking of their lovemaking but also of the different places they have been to. Not only is the American sleeping with a young woman but he is also taking her to countless different cities. The man and the girl are vagrants with money, seeing the world as if there were nothing else for them to do. This vagrancy also serves the purpose of masking the fact that the American is not moving quickly from one woman to another—indeed, that he cannot do so. Instead of moving between partners, he is moving between cities and countries. Were the girl to give birth to the baby, though, this traveling would likely be forced to stop—and even if the couple could still go to different places, they would either have to take the baby with them or find someone to leave it with. In observing the girls willingness to carry their baby to term, he sees that she is ready to grow up, to take on responsibility, to settle down.

Tender Reports in Construction

Tender Reports in Construction Tender report is an analysis or evaluation report that was prepared by a quantity surveyor about the tenders which submitted by the tenderers. This report was prepared to give suggestions to the public sector client, i.e. the government or the private sector employer about the best contractor for the project through evaluating the submitted tender documents in various aspects and to establish a price for the ensuing contract. After taking the recommendations from tender report and advice from the consultants into consideration, the client or employer will select his or her preferable choice of contractor. The throughout process and results of the tender evaluation are keep confidential. Upon the submission of tenders from the tenderers, a Tender Board or a Tender Assessment Panel will be formed. Tender Board or Tender Assessment Panel is a group of independent officers which included the quantity surveyor, to carry out a tender receipt process for competitive tenders, revise and confirm best and final offers. The tender board meets on a set date at a specified time to open and process tender documents submitted which they then forwarded to acquisition teams for commercial, technical and financial evaluation. The Tender Board will ensure that tenders are opened and processed in an open and transparent way. In addition, the tenders will be evaluated and recommendations will be made to the the client and the Tender Board. The approval and acceptance of a tender is made within the validity period of tender, which is normally 60 days as set in the tender document. To avoid the extension of one tender, tender should be evaluated and recommendation made within 30days from the date set in the handing over of tender. In case tender has to be extended due to unavoidable circumstances, agreement from the recommended tendering party should be obtained at least two weeks before the expiry of validity date. Generally, the tender evaluation process can be divided into two stages, i.e. preliminary stage evaluation and final stage evaluation. The preliminary stage of tender evaluation or also known as Preliminary Analysis, comprises of analysis on completeness of tender, analysis on compulsory documents and analysis on minimum capital required for the project, whereas the final stage of tender evaluation comprises of analyses on technical and financial capabilities of the tenderers. Besides that, arithmetical check will also be carried out on the tenders along the tender evaluation process. Before the tenders to be taken into consideration, the precondition of tender evaluation is the tender must be submitted before the tender closing date and time set out in the Letter of Invitation to Tender, i.e. usually before 12.00pm noon of the tender closing date. If the tender was submitted later than that, it is fall under the category of late tender. Late tender will not be accepted or of submitted, not opened for further consideration due to reasons of fairness and accountability. This is normally applied to public sector projects where the standards pertaining to transparency and accountability are especially high. However, the decision whether to open and consider such a tender is purely at the discretion of Tender Board and the private sector employer. Furthermore, tender amended by the tenderer on his or her own initiative whether in writing or other forms, without consent from the project client or employer will also be rejected for consideration. After that, the Quantity Surveyor will conduct the preliminary or first stage of tender evaluation process, i.e. Preliminary Analysis. It is an assessment system based on a few precondition set to determine whether the tenderers are qualified to be considered for the next stage evaluation. Purposes of this assessment system are to ensure that the tenderers to be considered are reasonable in term of tender price, complete of required documents and have sufficient capital to commence works. Firstly, the Quantity Surveyor will analyse the tenders whether the tenderers have offered the reasonable tender price. For government projects, if the number of tenderers is less than 10 persons, the department estimate or consultants estimate will be used for the comparison of tender prices. Usually, a variation price of 15% of department estimate or consultants estimate for tender prices offered by tenderers is assumed reasonable. If the number of tenderers is 10 persons or more than that, the Public Works Department will adopt the cut-off method to shortlist the tenderers for further evaluation. A cut-off price is established as the minimum tender price which is assumed feasible and reasonable to be accepted in accordance to market price through a statistical method. This is to avoid project implementation failure due to the contractors inability to undertake or complete the works caused by awarding contract to a tenderers with too low or unrealistic tender price. Therefore, usua lly only tenderers with tender price above or equal to the cut-off price will be considered and evaluated. In addition, completion period proposed must not exceed the range of estimated completion period. Then, the Quantity Surveyor will check the aspect of Completeness of Offer or Tender submitted by the tenderers. Some elements of Completeness of Tender which taken into consideration are the Form of Tender must be signed, the signature must be the authorized person, tender price must be stated in the Form of Tender, registration with Contractor Services Center (PKK) or Construction Industry Development Board(CIDB) must be valid and have stated the proposed completion period. Only tenders that complete and free from any deficiency or mistakes which may affect the current contract practices in legal aspects, are qualified to be considered. Tenderers which failed to do so, their tenders will be mentioned as INCOMPLETE to the client and stated the reasons. The following process is to check the aspect of Sufficiency of Compulsory Documents. All tenderers are obliged to submit all compulsory documents needed which stated in the Instructions to Tenderers for the tender evaluation purpose. The compulsory documents are the company auditors report, bank accounts monthly statement, banks report on company financial status and report on current project by resident architect or resident engineer or project manager. These documents are needed to prove whether the tenderers have sufficient financial capability, i.e. possess minimum sufficient capital to start the works. Without submitted the compulsory documents, especially for company financial documents, tender evaluation cannot be carried out and that tender is not qualify to be considered and can be rejected. Besides, an analysis on minimum capital required for the project will be conducted. The analysis will be done on the companys current assets, current liability, bank account statement, fixed deposit, bonds, credit facilities from bankers or suppliers, overdraft and bank loan. Hence, the company financial documents submitted by the tenderers will form a basis or proof for this evaluation aspect. For government projects, the minimum capital analysis is made through calculation of 3% of the Builder Works value based on department estimate. Along the tender evaluation process, the Quantity Surveyor will carry out the arithmetical checks on the tender documents. It comprises of correcting arithmetical errors in extensions, casting, etc and isolating palpable errors on pricing, but the tender amount remains unaltered. This measure is to correct mistakes for the purpose of future variation. A detailed examination of Bills of Quantities including comparison of prices will also be carried out on all tenders submitted. If the tenderers have fulfilled all the requirements in the preliminary stages evaluation, then the tenderers are considered or qualified for the final stages evaluation. The final stages evaluation is carried out based on a marking or scoring system which the marking are made objectively and quantitatively for each criterion assessed. Firstly, it will analyse the tenderers first aspect of technical capability, i.e. experience. Assessment is made based on the total value of same and similar nature of tendered works completed in the past five years. This is to get know that whether the tenderer is capable or have similar nature of works experiences for the tendered project. Next, it will analyse the tenderers second aspect of technical capability, i.e. financial. It is based on the total annum value of project predicted to be provided from the tenderers various sources of finance. It is important to prove that the tenderer has the financial capability to execute the project. Marks are given according to their financial capability. After this, it followed by the third aspect of tenderers technical capability assessment, i.e. the technical workers and possession of basic plant and machinery. Assessment is made based on their technical workers, such as architects, engineers, quantity surveyors, technician, and polytechnic and technical works assistants. The tenderers need to submit the KWSP statement and photocopies of Certificates of Workers Qualification to prove that they have qualified and enough number of technical workers to execute the tendered works. The lists of plant and machinery with supporting documents are also required to submit for the evaluation. Lastly, it will analyse the tenderers current works performance. This analysis is aimed to ensure that the tenderers do not have projek sakit, i.e. projects lagged behind 30% or more from the schedule of works or works programme. In addition, it is important to ensure that the tenderers do not have problems of employments determination by other client or employers. After the both preliminary and final stages of tender evaluation have completed, the results, justification, recommendation, and tenderers necessary detail information and facts will arrange and compiled together in a systematically way to form a tender report and submit to the client or employer. In conclusion, tender report is produced to assist the client or employer in decision making process in order to select most suitable and capable contractor to complete the project within specified time and quality.